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Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary

AbsorbentFilm-Forming/Holding AgentsSilicones
Antibacterial/Anti-AcneFragrance: Synthetic and Fragrant Plant ExtractsSkin-Identical Ingredients
Antibacterial/AntioxidantsIrritantsSlip Agents
Anti-IrritantsLeave-On ExfoliantSunscreen Actives
AntioxidantsMiscellaneousSurfactants/Detergent Cleansing Agents
Cell-Communicating IngredientsPlant ExtractsThickeners
Coloring Agents/PigmentsPrescription DrugsThickeners/Emulsifiers
EmollientsPreservativesVitamins
EmulsifiersScrub Agents

Results for Antioxidants
Rating ↓ By Ingredient ↓
Excellent
açai. Pronounced “ah-sigh-ee”, this small berry with a deep purple color is a potent source of... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Plant Extracts
Excellent
acetyl carnitine HCL. See L-carnitine
Categories: Antioxidants
Great
agar. See algae
Categories: Antioxidants, Emollients, Plant Extracts, Thickeners/Emulsifiers
Neutral
Agrimonia eupatoria leaf extract. Research shows this plant extract inhibits the hepatitis b virus and has antioxidant properties.... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Plant Extracts
Great
Ahnfeltia concinna extract. See algae
Categories: Antioxidants, Emollients, Plant Extracts, Thickeners/Emulsifiers
Great
ahnfeltia extract. See algae
Categories: Antioxidants, Emollients, Plant Extracts, Thickeners/Emulsifiers
Great
alanine . See amino acid
Categories: Antioxidants
Great
Alaria esculenta. See algae
Categories: Antioxidants, Emollients, Plant Extracts, Thickeners/Emulsifiers
Excellent
alfalfa extract. Can be an antioxidant in skin-care products (Source: Journal of Agricultural Food Chemistry,... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Plant Extracts
Great
algae. Algae are very simple, chlorophyll-containing organisms in a family that includes more than 20,000... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Emollients, Plant Extracts, Thickeners/Emulsifiers
Great
algae extract. See algae
Categories: Antioxidants, Emollients, Plant Extracts, Thickeners/Emulsifiers
Great
algin. Brown algae.
Categories: Antioxidants, Emollients, Plant Extracts, Thickeners/Emulsifiers
Excellent
alpha lipoic acid. Enzyme that, when applied topically on skin, appears to be a very good antioxidant. Taken... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants
Excellent
alpha-tocopherol
Categories: Antioxidants, Vitamins
Great
amino acid. Fundamental constituents of all proteins found in the body, such as: alanine, arginine, asparagine,... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Skin-Identical Ingredients
Great
Anacystis nidulans extract. See algae
Categories: Antioxidants, Emollients, Plant Extracts, Thickeners/Emulsifiers
Poor
Angelica archangelica root oil. Volatile oil obtained from the angelica plant. The oil contains chemical constituents that can be... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Plant Extracts, Fragrance: Synthetic and Fragrant Plant Extracts
Poor
Angelica polymorpha sinensis root extract. See dong quai
Categories: Antioxidants, Plant Extracts
Poor
anise. Also known as aniseed, it can have potent antioxidant and antibacterial properties (Source:... Read More
Categories: Antibacterial/Anti-Acne, Antioxidants, Fragrance: Synthetic and Fragrant Plant Extracts, Irritants
Excellent
Anthemis nobilis flower extract. See chamomile
Categories: Antibacterial/Anti-Acne, Antioxidants, Anti-Irritants
Excellent
anthocyanin. Group of naturally occurring substances found in plants that give fruits, vegetables, and plants... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Plant Extracts
Excellent
antioxidant. General term for a large group of natural and synthetic ingredients that work to reduce... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants
Excellent
Arctium lappa. See burdock root
Categories: Anti-Irritants, Antioxidants, Plant Extracts
Excellent
Arctostaphylos uva ursi leaf. See bearberry extract
Categories: Antibacterial/Anti-Acne, Antioxidants, Plant Extracts
Excellent
argan oil. Non-fragrant plant oil expressed from the kernels of rarified argan trees. Argan trees are... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Plant Extracts, Vitamins
Excellent
Argania spinosa. See argan oil
Categories: Antioxidants, Plant Extracts, Vitamins
Great
arginine. Amino acid that has antioxidant properties and can be helpful for wound healing (Sources: Journal... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants
Great
artemia extract. See algae
Categories: Antioxidants, Emollients, Plant Extracts, Thickeners/Emulsifiers
Great
Ascophyllum nodosum. Species of seaweed.
Categories: Antioxidants, Emollients, Plant Extracts, Thickeners/Emulsifiers
Excellent
ascorbic acid. Form of vitamin C that has antioxidant properties (Sources: Advances in Experimental Medicine and... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Vitamins
Excellent
ascorbyl glucosamine. Form of vitamin C that has little research showing it has the antioxidant or skin-lightening... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Vitamins
Excellent
ascorbyl glucoside. Form of vitamin C combined with glucose. It can function as an antioxidant, but only minimal... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Vitamins
Excellent
ascorbyl methylsilanol pectinate. Form of vitamin C that is considered stable and that functions as an antioxidant and thickening... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Thickeners/Emulsifiers, Vitamins
Excellent
ascorbyl palmitate. Stable and nonacidic form of vitamin C that is effective as an antioxidant (Source: Biochemical and... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Vitamins
Great
asparagine. See amino acid
Categories: Antioxidants
Great
Asparagopsis armata extract. Extract derived from seaweed.
Categories: Antioxidants, Emollients, Plant Extracts, Thickeners/Emulsifiers
Great
aspartic acid. See amino acid
Categories: Antioxidants, Skin-Identical Ingredients
Excellent
astaxanthin. See astaxanthin extract
Categories: Antioxidants
Excellent
astaxanthin extract. Carotenoid (carotene pigment) found in plants, algae, and fish, particularly salmon, that functions... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants
Excellent
Astragalus membranaceus. Latin name for the Chinese herb Huang-Qi, also known as milk vetch.
Categories: Antioxidants, Plant Extracts
Great
Astragalus sinicus. See milk vetch root
Categories: Antioxidants, Plant Extracts
Excellent
avocado oil. Emollient oil similar to other nonfragrant plant oils. It has antioxidant properties.
Categories: Antioxidants, Emollients
Neutral
azulene. Chamomile extract used primarily as a coloring agent in cosmetics. It can have antioxidant and... Read More
Categories: Anti-Irritants, Antioxidants, Plant Extracts
Neutral
banana extract. Extract from banana fruit that has some weak antioxidant properties (Source: Free Radical Research,... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Plant Extracts
Poor
bay leaf oil. Can be a potent antioxidant (Source: Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin, January 2002, pages... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Plant Extracts, Fragrance: Synthetic and Fragrant Plant Extracts
Great
beet root extract. Powdered base of the stem (root) of the Beta vulgaris plant. Used as a coloring agent. As with most... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Coloring Agents/Pigments, Plant Extracts
Great
Bertholletia excelsa extract. See Brazil nut extract
Categories: Antioxidants, Plant Extracts
Excellent
beta hydroxy acid. See salicylic acid
Categories: Antibacterial/Anti-Acne, Antioxidants, Anti-Irritants, Leave-On Exfoliant
Great
Beta vulgaris root extract. See beet root extract
Categories: Antioxidants, Coloring Agents/Pigments, Plant Extracts
Great
beta-carotene. Member of the carotenoid family. There are hundreds of carotenoids, including lycopene and lutein.... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants
Excellent
beta-glucan. Polysaccharide, meaning that it is a sugar (e.g., starch and cellulose) that can be derived from... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Anti-Irritants
Great
Betula alba. See birch bark extract
Categories: Antioxidants, Plant Extracts
Neutral
BHT. Butylated hydroxytoluene, a potent synthetic antioxidant that also has carcinogenic properties when... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants
Excellent
bioflavonoid. Diverse range of substances that are components of many fruits and vegetables. Many have been shown... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants
Great
birch bark extract. Extract derived from the plant Betula alba (common name white birch). It can have potent... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Plant Extracts
Great
birch leaf extract. See birch bark extract
Categories: Antioxidants, Plant Extracts
Great
black elderberry. When taken orally, this has potent antioxidant properties (Source: Journal of Agricultural Food... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Plant Extracts
Poor
black locust extract. Extract that can have antioxidant properties, although it also may have toxic components (Source:... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Plant Extracts
Excellent
black raspberry. Fruit that has potent antioxidant properties (Source: Journal of Agricultural Food Chemistry, June... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Plant Extracts
Excellent
black tea. See green tea
Categories: Antioxidants, Anti-Irritants, Plant Extracts
Excellent
blackberry. Berries that have potent antioxidant properties (Source: Journal of Agricultural Food Chemistry,... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Plant Extracts
Excellent
bladderwrack extract. Extract derived from seaweed; it can be an effective antioxidant and has water-binding properties... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Plant Extracts
Excellent
Boerhavia diffusa root extract. Extract from a flowering plant. Animal studies have shown that this plant has strong... Read More
Categories: Anti-Irritants, Antioxidants, Plant Extracts
Excellent
borage seed oil. Contains gamma linolenic acid (Source: www.naturaldatabase.com).
Categories: Antioxidants, Anti-Irritants, Emollients, Plant Extracts
Excellent
Borago officinalis extract. See borage seed oil
Categories: Antioxidants, Anti-Irritants, Emollients, Plant Extracts
Excellent
Borago officinalis seed oil. See borage seed oil
Categories: Antioxidants, Anti-Irritants, Emollients, Plant Extracts
Excellent
boysenberry. Berry that can have potent antioxidant properties (Source: Journal of Agricultural Food Chemistry,... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Plant Extracts
Excellent
Brassica campestris. See rapeseed oil
Categories: Emollients, Antioxidants
Great
Brazil nut extract. Extract for which there is a small amount of research showing it can have antioxidant properties... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Plant Extracts
Excellent
Buddleja davidii extract. Plant also known as summer lilac or butterfly bush (because the flowers are a food source for... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Plant Extracts
Excellent
burdock root. Plant extract whose active constituents are anti-inflammatory and antioxidant. Whether the leaves,... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Anti-Irritants, Plant Extracts
Excellent
caffeic acid. Potent antioxidant that may have some anticarcinogenic properties (Sources: Toxicology, January... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants
Great
caffeine. Alkaloid found in coffee, tea, and kola nuts. It’s often included in skin-care products with... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Plant Extracts
Excellent
calcium ascorbate. Form of vitamin C; other forms include ascorbic acid, L-ascorbic acid, ascorbyl palmitate, and... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Vitamins
Great
calendula extract. Extract derived from the plant commonly known as pot marigold, there is little research showing... Read More
Categories: Antibacterial/Anti-Acne, Anti-Irritants, Antioxidants, Plant Extracts
Excellent
Camellia japonica. The leaf has been shown in vitro to be potent antioxidant and also able to inhibit the expression... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Plant Extracts
Excellent
Camellia oleifera
Categories: Antioxidants, Plant Extracts
Excellent
Camellia sinensis. See green tea
Categories: Antioxidants, Plant Extracts
Excellent
carboxylic acid. See L-carnitine
Categories: Antioxidants
Excellent
carnitine. Naturally occurring amino acid. Deficiencies of this small but essential component can result in... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants
Excellent
carnosic acid. Component of rosemary that is a potent antioxidant (Sources: Free Radical Biology and Medicine,... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Plant Extracts
Excellent
carnosine. Composed of amino acids, it has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. There is some... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Plant Extracts
Excellent
carnosol acid. See carnosic acid
Categories: Antioxidants, Plant Extracts
Excellent
catalase. Enzyme that decomposes hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen and that has significant antioxidant... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants
Great
Caulerpa taxifolia extract. See algae
Categories: Antioxidants, Emollients, Plant Extracts, Thickeners/Emulsifiers
Excellent
cell-communicating ingredients. Cell-communicating ingredients, theoretically, have the ability to tell a skin cell to look, act,... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Cell-Communicating Ingredients
Excellent
chamomile. Plant species include Matricaria recutita, Chamomilla recutita, and Matricaria chamomilla.... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Antibacterial/Anti-Acne, Plant Extracts
Excellent
Chamomilla recutita flower extract. See chamomile
Categories: Antioxidants, Antibacterial/Anti-Acne, Plant Extracts
Great
chaparral extract. There is conflicting research about its efficacy as an anticancer agent, though it does contain a... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Antibacterial/Anti-Acne, Plant Extracts
Great
chlorella. See algae
Categories: Antioxidants, Emollients, Plant Extracts, Thickeners/Emulsifiers
Great
cholecalciferol. Technical name for vitamin D.
Categories: Antioxidants, Vitamins
Great
Chondrus crispus. Form of red seaweed.
Categories: Antioxidants, Emollients, Plant Extracts, Thickeners/Emulsifiers
Great
Cichorium intybus. Source of a plant extract with antioxidant properties (Source: Archives of Pharmaceutical Research,... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Plant Extracts
Poor
Cinnamomum. See cinnamon
Categories: Antioxidants, Antibacterial/Anti-Acne, Plant Extracts, Irritants
Poor
cinnamon. Can have antimicrobial and antioxidant properties (Sources: Cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology, March... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Antibacterial/Anti-Acne, Plant Extracts, Irritants
Neutral
Citrus unshiu. Plant extract more commonly known as the satsuma. This medium-sized citrus fruit is native to... Read More
Categories: Plant Extracts, Antioxidants
Neutral
Citrus unshiu peel extract. See Citrus unshiu
Categories: Plant Extracts, Antioxidants
Excellent
cocoa extract. Can have potent antioxidant properties (Sources: Experimental Biology and Medicine, May 2002, pages... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Plant Extracts
Great
Codium tomentosum extract. See algae
Categories: Antioxidants, Emollients, Plant Extracts, Thickeners/Emulsifiers
Excellent
coenzyme Q10. Also known as ubiquinone, it is a vitamin-like, fat-soluble substance present in all human cells.... Read More
Categories: Anti-Irritants, Antioxidants
Excellent
Coffea arabica extract. Coffea arabica is the coffee plant, and there is research showing that coffee extract has... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Plant Extracts
Great
collagen amino acid. Amino acids hydrolyzed from collagen. These have good water-binding properties for skin.
Categories: Antioxidants
Great
copper gluconate. Also known simply as copper, this mineral is an important trace element for human nutrition. The... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants
Great
copper peptides. See copper gluconate
Categories: Antioxidants
Great
Corallina officinalis extract. See algae
Categories: Antioxidants, Emollients, Plant Extracts, Thickeners/Emulsifiers
Great
Cornus extract. See dogwood
Categories: Anti-Irritants, Antioxidants, Plant Extracts
Great
coumarin. Organic compound found in plants and derived from the amino acid phenylalanine. It creates the... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Plant Extracts
Excellent
cranberry seed extract. Extract of the cranberry fruit. Natural components known as proanthocyanidins are responsible for... Read More
Categories: Anti-Irritants, Antioxidants, Plant Extracts
Excellent
cranberry seed oil. Extract derived from the seed of this red berry; the oil (which is not red) has potent antioxidant... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Plant Extracts
Great
cucumber extract. Non-irritating plant extract from the gourd family (think pumpkin) that’s often reputed to be... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Plant Extracts
Excellent
Cucumis melo (melon) fruit extract. More commonly known as cantaloupe or honeydew melon, Cucumis melo is a fruit that is a rich source... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Plant Extracts
Great
Cucumis sativus extract. See cucumber extract
Categories: Antioxidants, Plant Extracts
Excellent
Cucurbita pepo seed extract. See pumpkin seed extract
Categories: Antioxidants, Plant Extracts
Excellent
Cucurbitea peponis. See pumpkin
Categories: Antioxidants, Cell-Communicating Ingredients, Plant Extracts, Vitamins, Fragrance: Synthetic and Fragrant Plant Extracts
Excellent
Curcuma longa root. See turmeric
Categories: Antioxidants, Plant Extracts
Excellent
curcumin. Potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory spice that can be effective in wound healing (Sources:... Read More
Categories: Anti-Irritants, Antioxidants
Poor
Cymbopogon martini. See geranium extract
Categories: Antioxidants, Plant Extracts
Excellent
d-alpha-tocopherol. Antioxidant that's considered the most biologically active form of vitamin E.
Categories: Antioxidants, Vitamins
Poor
Daucus carota. Also known as wild carrot. It can have antioxidant properties, but applied topically it can cause... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Irritants, Plant Extracts
Neutral
disodium rutinyl disulfate. No research shows this synthetic, salt-derived antioxidant has any impact on cellulite.
Categories: Antioxidants
Great
dogwood. There is a small amount of research showing that dogwood has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory... Read More
Categories: Anti-Irritants, Antioxidants, Plant Extracts
Neutral
dong quai. Latin name Angelica polymorpha sinensis, is an herb that has been shown in some studies to have... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Plant Extracts
Great
dulse. See algae
Categories: Antioxidants, Emollients, Plant Extracts, Thickeners/Emulsifiers
Great
durian. A tropical fruit that research has shown to be a potent antioxidants when consumed orally. It... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Plant Extracts
Great
Durvillaea antarctica extract. Extract derived from a species of algae (Durvillea antarctica).
Categories: Antioxidants, Emollients, Plant Extracts, Thickeners/Emulsifiers
Excellent
Elaeis guineensis. See palm oil
Categories: Antioxidants, Emollients, Plant Extracts
Great
elderberry. Also known as black elderberry or Sambucus nigra,  this plant has potent antioxidant... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Plant Extracts
Great
Enteromorpha compressa extract. Extract from green algae.
Categories: Antioxidants, Emollients, Plant Extracts, Thickeners/Emulsifiers
Excellent
epigallocatechin gallate. One of the active constituents of green tea believed to be responsible for its many health... Read More
Categories: Anti-Irritants, Antioxidants, Plant Extracts
Poor
Equisetum arvense. See horsetail extract
Categories: Antioxidants, Irritants, Plant Extracts
Great
ergocalciferol. Technical name for vitamin D.
Categories: Antioxidants, Vitamins
Excellent
ergothioneine. A substance derived from animal tissue or various types of mushrooms that has potent antioxidant... Read More
Categories: Anti-Irritants, Antioxidants
Excellent
Eriobotrya japonica. See loquat extract
Categories: Antioxidants, Plant Extracts
Great
escin. Extract derived from horse chestnut (Aesculus hippocastanum), this ingredient has been prescribed... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Plant Extracts
Great
ethyl vanillin. Flavoring agent derived from vanilla. It has antioxidant properties (Source: Journal of... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Fragrance: Synthetic and Fragrant Plant Extracts
Excellent
Euterpe oleraca. See açai
Categories: Antioxidants, Plant Extracts
Great
faex. A type of yeast.
Categories: Antioxidants
Great
Fagus sylvatica extract. See yeast
Categories: Antioxidants
Neutral
farnesol. Extract of plants that is used in cosmetics primarily for fragrance. A few animal studies and some... Read More
Categories: Antibacterial/Anti-Acne, Antioxidants, Fragrance: Synthetic and Fragrant Plant Extracts, Plant Extracts
Neutral
farnesyl acetate. See farnesol
Categories: Antibacterial/Anti-Acne, Antioxidants, Fragrance: Synthetic and Fragrant Plant Extracts, Plant Extracts
Poor
fennel seed extract. Can have antioxidant properties, but on skin it can be a skin irritant and photosensitizer (Source:... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Irritants, Plant Extracts
Excellent
Ferula foetida. See ferulic acid
Categories: Antioxidants, Plant Extracts
Excellent
ferulic acid. A plant-based antioxidant. Research suggests that it provides antioxidant and sun-protective... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Plant Extracts
Excellent
Filipendula glaberrima. Also known as Nakai, the root of this plant extract has been shown in vitro to be not only a potent... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Cell-Communicating Ingredients, Plant Extracts
Excellent
flavonoid. See bioflavonoid
Categories: Antioxidants
Excellent
flax. Plant source of linen and edible seeds. Flax seeds and seed oil have antioxidant properties... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Plant Extracts
Excellent
flaxseed oil. From seeds of the flax plant; a source of fatty acids, particularly omega-3.
Categories: Antioxidants, Plant Extracts
Poor
Foeniculum vulgare extract. See fennel oil, fennel seed extract
Categories: Antioxidants, Fragrance: Synthetic and Fragrant Plant Extracts, Irritants
Great
folic acid. Part of the B-vitamin complex; when taken orally, it is a good antioxidant. That benefit has not... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Vitamins
Excellent
Fu ling. See Poria cocos extract
Categories: Anti-Irritants, Antioxidants, Plant Extracts
Excellent
Fucus vesiculosus extract. See bladderwrack extract
Categories: Antioxidants, Plant Extracts
Great
galactoarabinan. Polysaccharide extracted from the western larch tree.
Categories: Antioxidants, Plant Extracts
Excellent
gamma linolenic acid (GLA). Fatty acid used in cosmetics as an emollient, antioxidant, and cell regulator. GLA is considered to... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Cell-Communicating Ingredients, Emollients
Neutral
Ganoderma lucidum extract. Mushroom stem extract. There is no research showing it to be effective when used topically on skin... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Plant Extracts
Poor
Gardenia florida extract. Flower extract used in cosmetics to impart fragrance; also functions as an antioxidant (Source:... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Fragrance: Synthetic and Fragrant Plant Extracts, Irritants, Plant Extracts
Great
Gellidiela acerosa extract. Extract derived from a type of algae.
Categories: Antioxidants, Emollients, Plant Extracts, Thickeners/Emulsifiers
Excellent
genistein. Plant component (most often from soy) that is a rich source of antioxidants, though it can also be... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Anti-Irritants, Plant Extracts
Excellent
geranium extract. Extract that can have potent antioxidant properties (Source: Phytomedicine, June 2000, pages... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Plant Extracts
Poor
Geranium pretense. Geranium plant.
Categories: Antioxidants, Antibacterial/Anti-Acne, Irritants, Plant Extracts
Neutral
Ginkgo biloba leaf extract. Research shows this potent antioxidant helps improve blood flow. It is often used in anti-cellulite... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Plant Extracts
Excellent
GLA. See gamma linolenic acid (GLA)
Categories: Antioxidants, Cell-Communicating Ingredients, Emollients
Excellent
glutathione. Potent antioxidant (Source: Free Radical Research, March 2002, pages 329–340).
Categories: Antioxidants
Excellent
grape seed extract. Contains chemical constituents such as proanthocyanidins, polyphenols, flavonoids, and... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Plant Extracts
Excellent
grape seed oil. Emollient, non-fragrant plant oil that also has excellent antioxidant properties. For... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Emollients, Plant Extracts
Excellent
green tea. Significant amounts of research have established that tea, including black, green, and white tea,... Read More
Categories: Anti-Irritants, Antioxidants, Plant Extracts
Excellent
gromwell. See Lithospermum erythrorhizon
Categories: Anti-Irritants, Antioxidants, Plant Extracts
Excellent
Haematococcus pluvialis extract. See astaxanthin extract
Categories: Antioxidants, Plant Extracts
Poor
Hamamelis virginiana. See witch hazel
Categories: Antioxidants, Irritants, Plant Extracts
Poor
hamamelitannin. Tannin that is found in witch hazel. It can be a skin irritant, but it also has potent antioxidant... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Irritants
Great
Haslea ostrearia extract. Extract derived from a water plant also known as blue algae. In pure concentrations this extract... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Emollients, Plant Extracts, Thickeners/Emulsifiers
Great
hawthorn extract. Extract that when taken orally may improve circulation (Source: Phytomedicine, 1994, volume 1,... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Plant Extracts
Excellent
hesperidin. Flavonoid found in various plants such as citrus and evening primrose oil. It has potential as a... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Plant Extracts
Great
hesperidin methyl chalcone. Citrus bioflavonoid often seen in products claiming to banish dark undereye circles. There is... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Plant Extracts
Great
Himanthalia elongate extract. Extract of a species of algae.
Categories: Antioxidants, Emollients, Plant Extracts, Thickeners/Emulsifiers
Great
Hippophae rhamnoides. See sea buckthorn
Categories: Antioxidants, Plant Extracts
Great
histidine. See amino acid
Categories: Antioxidants
Excellent
honey. A substance produced by bees from the nectar of certain flowering plants. Primarily consumed as... Read More
Categories: Anti-Irritants, Antioxidants, Vitamins
Excellent
honey extract. See honey
Categories: Anti-Irritants, Antioxidants, Vitamins
Neutral
hops. There is no research showing that hops have any benefit for skin. However, components in hops may... Read More
Categories: Antibacterial/Anti-Acne, Antioxidants, Plant Extracts
Neutral
Hordeum vulgare extract. See barley extract
Categories: Antioxidants, Plant Extracts
Poor
horsetail extract. Plant extract that has a high tannin, alkaloid, and nicotine content, which can have... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Irritants, Plant Extracts
Great
Huang qi. See milk vetch root
Categories: Antioxidants, Plant Extracts
Neutral
Humulus lupulus extract. See hops
Categories: Antibacterial/Anti-Acne, Antioxidants, Plant Extracts
Excellent
hydrogenated olive oil. When a plant oil is hydrogenated, it is chemically converted gas from a liquid to a semi-solid or... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Plant Extracts, Emollients
Great
hydrogenated palm glycerides. Palm glycerides are the fatty acid component of palm oil. When a plant oil is hydrogenated, it is... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Emollients, Skin-Identical Ingredients
Great
hydrolyzed silk. See silk
Categories: Antioxidants, Slip Agents
Excellent
hydroquinone. Strong inhibitor of melanin production that has long been established as the most effective... Read More
Categories: Cell-Communicating Ingredients, Antioxidants, Prescription Drugs
Poor
Hypericum extract. See St. John's wort
Categories: Antioxidants, Irritants, Plant Extracts
Excellent
idebenone. A synthetic antioxidant similar to coenzyme Q10. Idebenone got a lot of press as the best... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants
Excellent
Ilex paraguariensis. See yerba mate extract
Categories: Anti-Irritants, Antioxidants
Poor
Illicium vernum. See anise
Categories: Antibacterial/Anti-Acne, Antioxidants, Fragrance: Synthetic and Fragrant Plant Extracts, Irritants
Great
Irish moss extract. Type of red algae.
Categories: Antioxidants, Emollients, Plant Extracts, Thickeners/Emulsifiers
Excellent
isoflavone. Plant estrogen with potent antioxidant properties (Source: Free Radical Biology and Medicine,... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Plant Extracts
Great
isoleucine. See amino acid
Categories: Antioxidants, Skin-Identical Ingredients
Excellent
jojoba butter. The fattiest portion of jojoba oil, used as an intensive emollient.
Categories: Antioxidants, Emollients, Plant Extracts
Great
kelp extract. See algae
Categories: Antioxidants, Emollients, Plant Extracts, Thickeners/Emulsifiers
Neutral
Kigelia africana extract. Extract of African plant commonly known as the sausage tree. The African lore about this extract is... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Anti-Irritants, Plant Extracts
Neutral
kiwi fruit extract. As a food, kiwi has significant antioxidant properties that may even be greater than those of... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Irritants, Plant Extracts
Great
kojic acid. By-product of the fermentation process of malting rice for use in the manufacture of sake, Japanese... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Irritants
Great
kojic dipalmitate. A mixture of kojic acid and palmitic acid. It functions as a skin-conditioning agent and can help... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Irritants
Excellent
kudzu root. Source of isoflavone, genistein, and daidzein, all plant estrogens (Sources: Phytochemistry, June... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Plant Extracts
Excellent
lady's thistle extract. Extract for which there is a great deal of research showing it has many medical health applications... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Cell-Communicating Ingredients, Plant Extracts
Great
Laminaria digitata. See algae
Categories: Antioxidants, Plant Extracts, Thickeners/Emulsifiers
Great
Laminaria longicruris. See algae
Categories: Antioxidants, Emollients, Plant Extracts, Thickeners/Emulsifiers
Great
Laminaria saccharine. See algae
Categories: Antioxidants, Emollients, Plant Extracts, Thickeners/Emulsifiers
Excellent
Lamium album flower extract. A species of the nettle plant that is used topically as an anti-inflammatory owing to its saponin... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Anti-Irritants, Plant Extracts
Great
lappa extract. See burdock root
Categories: Antioxidants, Anti-Irritants, Plant Extracts
Great
Larrea divaricata extract. See chaparral extract
Categories: Antioxidants, Antibacterial/Anti-Acne, Plant Extracts
Great
Larrea tridentata. See chaparral extract
Categories: Antioxidants, Antibacterial/Anti-Acne, Plant Extracts
Excellent
L-ascorbic acid. Form of vitamin C that is a potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent (Sources:... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Anti-Irritants, Irritants
Poor
Laurus nobilis. See bay leaf oil
Categories: Antioxidants, Plant Extracts, Fragrance: Synthetic and Fragrant Plant Extracts
Neutral
L-carnitine. Also known as carboxylic acid, it is often erroneously labeled an amino acid (which it is not). It... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants
Great
L-cysteine. See antioxidant
Categories: Antioxidants
Excellent
Leontopodium alpinum extract. Plant extract whose constituents are capable of provding antioxidant and... Read More
Categories: Plant Extracts, Antioxidants, Anti-Irritants
Excellent
linden flower extract. Major active constituents in linden are flavonoids and glycosides. Flavonoids are potent... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Plant Extracts
Excellent
linoleic acid. Unsaturated fatty acid used as an emollient and thickening agent in cosmetics. There is some... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Anti-Irritants, Emollients, Cell-Communicating Ingredients
Excellent
Lithospermum erythrorhizon. Also known as gromwell, the root of this plant is believed to have antioxidant, anti-tumor, and... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Anti-Irritants, Plant Extracts
Excellent
loquat extract. Extract derived from a subtropical flower that has antioxidant and antitumor properties similar to... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Plant Extracts
Excellent
lotus seed extract. Extract that can have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties (Sources: Planta Medica, August... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Anti-Irritants, Plant Extracts
Great
lupine. Legume that is a source of isoflavones, a form of plant estrogen that has antioxidant properties... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Emollients, Irritants, Plant Extracts
Neutral
lupine oil. Extract of Lupinus albus, a legume; it has emollient and antioxidant properties, though it may also... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Emollients, Irritants, Plant Extracts
Great
Lupinus albus extract. Species of legume.
Categories: Antioxidants, Emollients, Irritants, Plant Extracts
Excellent
lutein. Carotenoid that has potent antioxidant properties (Source: Photochemistry and Photobiology, May... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants
Excellent
lycopene. Carotenoid pigment that has potent antioxidant properties (Source: Photochemistry and Photobiology,... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants
Great
lysine. Amino acid.
Categories: Antioxidants, Skin-Identical Ingredients
Great
magnesium ascorbyl palmitate. Fatty acid-based derivative of vitamin C that can be an effective antioxidant. There is some... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Vitamins
Excellent
magnesium ascorbyl phosphate. Form of vitamin C that is considered stable and an effective antioxidant for skin (Sources:... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Vitamins
Great
Malva sylvestris extract. Extract from the blue mallow flower, it may have some anti-inflammatory and soothing properties for... Read More
Categories: Anti-Irritants, Antioxidants, Plant Extracts
Neutral
manganese gluconate. Mineral found in trace amounts in tissues of the body. While manganese plays a vital role in the... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants
Great
Mangifera indica root. Extract derived from the mango tree; it can have antioxidant properties (Source: Journal of... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Plant Extracts
Great
marigold. See calendula extract
Categories: Antibacterial/Anti-Acne, Anti-Irritants, Antioxidants, Plant Extracts
Great
marionberry. Fruit that has potent antioxidant properties (Source: Journal of Agricultural Food Chemistry, June... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Plant Extracts
Great
Mastocarpus stellatus. See algae
Categories: Antioxidants, Emollients, Plant Extracts, Thickeners/Emulsifiers
Excellent
mate extract. See yerba mate extract
Categories: Anti-Irritants, Antioxidants, Plant Extracts
Excellent
matricaria oil. See chamomile
Categories: Antioxidants, Antibacterial/Anti-Acne, Plant Extracts
Excellent
Medicago sativa. See alfalfa extract
Categories: Antioxidants, Plant Extracts
Great
methionine. See amino acid, antioxidant
Categories: Antioxidants, Skin-Identical Ingredients
Great
methylsufonylsulfate. See antioxidant
Categories: Antioxidants
Great
Microcystis aeruginosa. Latin name for spirulina.
Categories: Antioxidants, Emollients, Plant Extracts, Thickeners/Emulsifiers
Great
milk vetch root. There is a good deal of research showing this root has antioxidant properties (Source:... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Plant Extracts
Great
Morinda citrifolia. See noni juice
Categories: Anti-Irritants, Antioxidants, Plant Extracts
Neutral
N-acetyl-L tyrosine. See tyrosine
Categories: Antioxidants, Skin-Identical Ingredients
Neutral
Nasturtium officinale extract. See watercress extract
Categories: Antioxidants, Plant Extracts
Great
natto gum. Fermentation product of soy protein. It may be a potent antioxidant (Source: Journal of... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Plant Extracts
Great
noni juice. Also known as morinda or Morinda citrifolia, comes from a small evergreen tree. The juice from this... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Plant Extracts, Anti-Irritants
Excellent
nordihydroguaiaretic acid. Component of some plants that has been shown to have anticancer properties for skin and that may... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Plant Extracts
Excellent
Nymphaea tetragona. Also known as pygmy waterlily. The stem has been shown in vitro to be not only a potent antioxidant... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Plant Extracts
Excellent
Olea europaea fruit oil. See olive oil
Categories: Antioxidants, Emollients, Plant Extracts, Skin-Identical Ingredients
Excellent
Olea europaea oil unsaponifiables. An unsaponifiable oil is the portion of a plant oil that is not broken down when the oil's fatty... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Emollients, Plant Extracts, Skin-Identical Ingredients
Excellent
olive oil. Emollient plant oil similar to many other non-fragrant plant oils. The concept of olive oil having... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Emollients, Plant Extracts, Skin-Identical Ingredients
Great
oryzanol. Component of plants and their products, such as rice bran, that has potent antioxidant properties.
Categories: Antioxidants, Plant Extracts
Excellent
oxidoreductase. Large group of enzymes that reduce or block oxygen in different forms from generating free-radical... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants
Great
Padina pavonica extract. See algae
Categories: Antioxidants, Emollients, Plant Extracts, Thickeners/Emulsifiers
Neutral
Paeonia suffruticosa extract. See peony root extract
Categories: Antioxidants, Plant Extracts
Excellent
palm oil. Has emollient and antioxidant properties for skin (Source: Free Radical Biology and Medicine, 1997,... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Emollients, Skin-Identical Ingredients
Great
Palmaria palmata extract. Extract from a type of algae whose common name is dulse.
Categories: Antioxidants, Emollients, Plant Extracts, Thickeners/Emulsifiers
Excellent
Panax ginseng root extract. Root extract that may have potent antioxidant properties (potentially anti-cancer) and may promote... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Plant Extracts
Neutral
pansy extract. Extract for which there is a small amount of research showing it has anti-inflammatory and... Read More
Categories: Anti-Irritants, Antioxidants, Plant Extracts
Neutral
peony root extract. There is research showing that the root of the peony plant can have anticancer properties as well... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Plant Extracts
Neutral
Perilla ocymoides. Also known as beefsteak plant. Like many plants, the leaves contain flavones which help the plant... Read More
Categories: Anti-Irritants, Antioxidants, Irritants, Plant Extracts
Excellent
Persea gratissima oil. See avocado oil
Categories: Antioxidants, Emollients
Excellent
Persicaria hydropiper. Also known as water pepper. All parts of this plant extract have been shown in vitro to be not only... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Plant Extracts
Great
phenylalanine. See amino acid
Categories: Antioxidants, Skin-Identical Ingredients
Excellent
phloretin. A flavonoid substance derived from apples and the bark of apple trees. As for topical application... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Plant Extracts
Excellent
Phyllanthus emblica fruit extract. Extract that has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties (Sources: Journal of... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Anti-Irritants, Plant Extracts
Great
phytic acid. Component of plants that has antioxidant properties.
Categories: Antioxidants, Plant Extracts
Great
pinecone extract. Components of this extract, specifically linolenic and linoleic acids, can have antioxidant... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Antibacterial/Anti-Acne
Great
Pinus sylvestris extract. See pinecone extract
Categories: Antioxidants, Antibacterial/Anti-Acne
Great
Pisum sativum. Latin name for the garden pea. It does have antioxidant activity, but there is no research showing... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Plant Extracts
Great
plum extract. Extract of Prunus americana that may have antioxidant activity when applied topically (Source:... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Plant Extracts
Great
Polygonum cuspidatum root extract. Extract of the Japanese knotweed plant. When eaten it may have weak estrogenic activity (Source:... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Plant Extracts
Excellent
polysaccharide. Natural component of skin that can be a good water-binding agent and potentially have antioxidant... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Skin-Identical Ingredients
Excellent
pomegranate extract. Pomegranate and its extracts have antioxidant and anticancer properties that, while not... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Plant Extracts
Excellent
Poria cocos extract. Also known as Hoelen and Fu ling. Extract derived from a mushroom, which has antioxidant and... Read More
Categories: Anti-Irritants, Antioxidants, Plant Extracts
Excellent
potassium ascorbyl tocopheryl phosphate. Blend of vitamins C and E with phosphorus that functions as an antioxidant.
Categories: Antioxidants, Vitamins
Great
proline. See amino acid
Categories: Antioxidants, Skin-Identical Ingredients
Neutral
Prunella vulgaris. See self-heal
Categories: Anti-Irritants, Antioxidants, Plant Extracts
Great
Prunus americana. See plum extract
Categories: Antioxidants, Plant Extracts
Great
Prunus domestica seed extract. See plum extract
Categories: Antioxidants, Plant Extracts
Excellent
Pueraria lobata. See kudzu root
Categories: Antioxidants, Plant Extracts
Great
pullulan. Glucan gum produced by black yeast that contains polysaccharides, which makes it a good... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Thickeners/Emulsifiers
Excellent
pumpkin. Plant whose seeds are a rich source of fatty acids and several antioxidant components, including... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Plant Extracts
Excellent
pumpkin seed extract. Type of squash that is a very good source of antioxidant cartenoids. Pumpkin seed oil and extract... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Emollients, Thickeners/Emulsifiers, Skin-Identical Ingredients
Excellent
Punica granatum extract. See pomegranate extract
Categories: Antioxidants, Plant Extracts
Great
pycnogenol. Antioxidant derived from the bark of the French Maritime pine tree. The term pycnogenol was... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Plant Extracts
Great
pyridoxine hydrochloride (HCL). Scientific name for vitamin B6; may have antibacterial and antioxidant benefits for skin when... Read More
Categories: Antibacterial/Anti-Acne, Antioxidants, Vitamins
Excellent
quercetin. Flavonoid pigment that has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Quercetin has... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Anti-Irritants
Great
rapeseed oil. Nonfragrant oil that has emollient and potential antioxidant properties for skin (Source: British... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Emollients, Plant Extracts
Great
raspberry seed extract. See red raspberry extract
Categories: Antioxidants, Antibacterial/Anti-Acne, Irritants, Plant Extracts
Great
raspberry seed oil. See red raspberry extract
Categories: Antioxidants, Antibacterial/Anti-Acne, Irritants, Plant Extracts
Great
red algae. See algae
Categories: Antioxidants, Emollients, Plant Extracts, Thickeners/Emulsifiers
Great
red clover. Can have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties (Source: Photochemistry and Photobiology,... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Anti-Irritants, Plant Extracts
Great
red raspberry extract. Fruit extract that has potent antioxidant properties (Source: Journal of Agricultural Food... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Antibacterial/Anti-Acne, Irritants, Plant Extracts
Excellent
resveratrol. Potent polyphenolic antioxidant that is abundant in red grapes and, therefore, in red wine... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Anti-Irritants, Plant Extracts
Excellent
retinol. The name for the entire vitamin A molecule. Retinol has value for skin on several fronts: it is a... Read More
Categories: Cell-Communicating Ingredients, Vitamins, Antioxidants
Excellent
retinyl palmitate. Form of vitamin A. It is a combination of retinol (pure vitamin A) and palmitic acid. There is... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Cell-Communicating Ingredients, Vitamins
Poor
Robinia pseudacacia extract. See black locust extract
Categories: Antioxidants, Plant Extracts
Great
Rosa canina. See rose hip oil
Categories: Antioxidants, Emollients, Plant Extracts
Great
Rosa centifolia. See rose hip oil
Categories: Antioxidants, Emollients, Plant Extracts
Great
Rosa centifolia flower. See rose hip
Categories: Antioxidants, Emollients, Plant Extracts
Great
Rosa eglanteria. See rose hip oil
Categories: Antioxidants, Emollients, Plant Extracts
Great
Rosa mosqueta. See rose hip oil
Categories: Antioxidants, Emollients, Plant Extracts
Excellent
Rosa roxburghii extract. Extract from the chestnut rose; can be a source of antioxidants for skin, and does not impart... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Plant Extracts
Great
Rosa rubiginosa. See rose hip oil
Categories: Antioxidants, Emollients, Plant Extracts
Great
rose hip. See rose hip oil, vitamin C
Categories: Antioxidants, Emollients, Plant Extracts
Great
rose hip oil. Good emollient oil that has antioxidant properties (Sources: Journal of Agricultural Food... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Emollients, Plant Extracts
Poor
rosemary extract. Extract that can have antioxidant benefit for skin (Source: Journal of Agricultural Food Chemistry,... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Fragrance: Synthetic and Fragrant Plant Extracts, Irritants, Plant Extracts
Poor
rosemary oil. See rosemary extract
Categories: Antioxidants, Fragrance: Synthetic and Fragrant Plant Extracts, Irritants, Plant Extracts
Poor
Rosmarinus officinalis extract. See rosemary extract
Categories: Antioxidants, Fragrance: Synthetic and Fragrant Plant Extracts, Irritants, Plant Extracts
Great
Rubus idaeus. See red raspberry extract
Categories: Antioxidants, Antibacterial/Anti-Acne, Irritants, Plant Extracts
Excellent
Rubus occidentalis. See black raspberry
Categories: Antioxidants, Plant Extracts
Great
Rubus ursinus. See marionberry
Categories: Antioxidants, Plant Extracts
Excellent
Rubus ursinus x idaeus. See boysenberry
Categories: Antioxidants, Plant Extracts
Excellent
rutin. Bioflavonoid that is extracted from various plants and used in cosmetics as an antioxidant and... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Emollients
Neutral
Saccharomyces copper ferment. Extract of yeast fermented in the presence of copper ions. There is no known benefit for skin,... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants
Neutral
Saccharomyces iron ferment. Extract of yeast fermented in the presence of iron ions.
Categories: Antioxidants
Great
Saccharomyces lysate. See yeast
Categories: Antioxidants
Neutral
Saccharomyces magnesium ferment. Extract of yeast fermented in the presence of magnesium ions.
Categories: Antioxidants
Neutral
Saccharomyces manganese ferment. Extract of yeast fermented in the presence of manganese ions.
Categories: Antioxidants
Neutral
Saccharomyces potassium ferment. Extract of yeast fermented in the presence of potassium ions.
Categories: Antioxidants
Great
saccharomyces selenium ferment. An ingredient created by the fermentation of the Saccharomyces yeast with the mineral selenium.
Categories: Antioxidants
Neutral
Saccharomyces silicon ferment. Extract of yeast fermented in the presence of silicon ions.
Categories: Antioxidants
Neutral
Saccharomyces zinc ferment. Extract of yeast fermented in the presence of zinc ions.
Categories: Antioxidants
Great
safflower oil. Emollient plant oil similar to all nonfragrant plant oils. Safflower oil can be an antioxidant when... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Emollients, Plant Extracts
Great
Sambucus canadensis. See elderberry
Categories: Antioxidants, Plant Extracts
Great
Sambucus cerulea. Blue elderberry. May have antioxidant properties for skin (Source: Phytotherapy Research, February... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Plant Extracts
Great
Sambucus nigra. See black elderberry
Categories: Antioxidants, Plant Extracts
Great
Sapindus mukurossi peel extract. A plant extract that is a natural source of saponin (Source: Chinese Journal of Chromatography,... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Anti-Irritants, Plant Extracts
Great
saponin. Group of natural carbohydrates, found in plants, that have considerable potential as pharmaceutical... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Anti-Irritants, Plant Extracts
Great
Sargassum filipendula extract. See algae
Categories: Antioxidants, Emollients, Plant Extracts, Thickeners/Emulsifiers
Great
Scutellaria baicalensis extract. See skullcap extract
Categories: Antioxidants, Anti-Irritants, Plant Extracts
Great
sea buckthorn. Berry extract that grows on a shrub-like tree. Sea buckthorn is believed to have several topical... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Plant Extracts
Great
Seamollient. Trade name for an algae extract.
Categories: Antioxidants, Emollients, Plant Extracts, Thickeners/Emulsifiers
Great
seaweed. Group of sea plants (scientific name: algae) of all sizes and shapes, and having a gelatin-like... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Emollients, Plant Extracts, Thickeners/Emulsifiers
Excellent
selenium. Mineral considered to be a potent antioxidant (Source: Biomedicine and Pharmacotherapy, June 2002,... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants
Neutral
self-heal. Plant that has antihistamine, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, and antioxidant properties when taken... Read More
Categories: Anti-Irritants, Antioxidants, Plant Extracts
Great
sericin. Scientific name for silk protein.
Categories: Antioxidants, Plant Extracts
Great
serine. See amino acid
Categories: Antioxidants, Skin-Identical Ingredients
Neutral
Shao-yao. See peony root extract
Categories: Antioxidants, Plant Extracts
Great
silk. See silk protein
Categories: Antioxidants
Great
silk protein. Protein substance (also called sericin) formed by converting silk, which is the soft, lustrous... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants
Excellent
silver tip white tea leaf extract. See green tea, white tea leaf extract
Categories: Anti-Irritants, Antioxidants, Plant Extracts
Great
skullcap extract. Herbal extract from Scutellaria baicalensis that has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Anti-Irritants, Plant Extracts
Great
soapberry extract. Extract from the tree Sapindus saponaria. The berries contain a good amount of Saponins.
Categories: Antioxidants, Anti-Irritants, Plant Extracts
Excellent
sodium ascorbate. See ascorbic acid
Categories: Antioxidants, Vitamins
Excellent
sodium ascorbyl phosphate. A stable, lipid-soluble form of vitamin C that functions as an antioxidant (Sources: Journal of... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Anti-Irritants, Antibacterial/Anti-Acne, Vitamins
Great
sodium citrate. Used primarily to control the pH level of a product, this ingredient also has antioxidant and... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Preservatives
Neutral
sodium metabisulfite. Reducing agent that alters the structure of hair. It can also be used as a preservative in... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Irritants, Preservatives
Neutral
Solanum lycopersicum extract. See tomato extract
Categories: Antioxidants, Irritants, Plant Extracts
Excellent
soy extract. Potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent for skin (Sources: Cancer Investigation, 1996,... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Anti-Irritants, Plant Extracts
Excellent
soy isoflavones. See soy extract
Categories: Antioxidants, Anti-Irritants, Plant Extracts
Excellent
soy oil. Emollient oil similar to all nonfragrant plant oils.
Categories: Antioxidants, Anti-Irritants, Emollients, Plant Extracts
Excellent
soy protein. See soy extract
Categories: Antioxidants, Anti-Irritants, Plant Extracts
Great
spirulina. See algae
Categories: Antioxidants, Emollients, Plant Extracts, Thickeners/Emulsifiers
Excellent
squalane. See natural moisturizing factor (NMF), squalene
Categories: Antioxidants, Emollients, Skin-Identical Ingredients
Excellent
squalene. Oil derived from shark liver or from plants (usually olives) and sebum. It is a natural component... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Emollients, Skin-Identical Ingredients
Poor
St. John's wort. Contains several components that are toxic on skin in the presence of sunlight (Sources: Planta... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Plant Extracts
Poor
star anise. See anise
Categories: Antibacterial/Anti-Acne, Antioxidants, Fragrance: Synthetic and Fragrant Plant Extracts, Irritants
Excellent
superoxide dismutase. Enzyme considered to be a potent antioxidant in humans (Sources: Journal of Investigative... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants
Excellent
tannic acid. Potent antioxidant; it may have some anticarcinogenic properties (Sources: Bioorganic &... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants
Excellent
Terminalia catappa. Can be a potent antioxidant (Source: Anticancer Research, January-February 2001, pages... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Plant Extracts
Great
tetradibutyl pentaerithrityl hydroxyhydrocinnamate. See antioxidant
Categories: Antioxidants
Excellent
tetrahexyldecyl ascorbate. Stable form of vitamin C that is considered an analogue of L-ascorbic acid. Unlike pure vitamin C... Read More
Categories: Vitamins, Antioxidants
Excellent
tetrahydrobisdemethoxycurcumin. Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory plant extract.
Categories: Antioxidants, Anti-Irritants, Plant Extracts
Excellent
tetrahydrobisdemethoxydiferuloylmethane. A synthetic antioxidant derived from Curcumin.
Categories: Antioxidants
Excellent
tetrahydrodemethoxycurcumin. See curcumin, turmeric
Categories: Antioxidants, Anti-Irritants, Plant Extracts, Irritants
Excellent
tetrahydrodemethoxydiferuloylmethane. A synthetic antioxidant that provides the protective effects of potent antioxidant curcumin but... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Anti-Irritants
Excellent
tetrahydrodiferuloylmethane. Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory plant extract.
Categories: Antioxidants, Anti-Irritants
Excellent
tetrahydromethoxycurcumin. Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory plant extract.
Categories: Antioxidants, Anti-Irritants
Excellent
thioctic acid. Technical name for the antioxidant alpha lipoic acid. Unlike many antioxidants that are either... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants
Neutral
thiodipropionic acid. Acid-based synthetic antioxidant. There is no research pertaining to its benefit for skin, but in... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants
Great
thiotaurine. Amino acid. Potentially, it can have antioxidant properties for skin (Source: Shiseido Corporation,... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Skin-Identical Ingredients
Great
threonine. See amino acid
Categories: Antioxidants, Skin-Identical Ingredients
Neutral
thyme extract. Extract derived from the leaf or flower of the thyme plant. It can have potent antioxidant... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Irritants, Plant Extracts
Poor
thyme oil. The most concentrated part of the thyme plant, and a potent source of antioxidants, some of which... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Irritants, Plant Extracts
Poor
Thymus serpillum extract. Extract of wild thyme.
Categories: Antioxidants, Irritants, Plant Extracts
Neutral
Thymus vulgaris. See thyme extract
Categories: Antioxidants, Irritants, Plant Extracts
Excellent
Tilia cordata. See linden flower extract
Categories: Antioxidants, Plant Extracts
Excellent
tocopherol. See vitamin E
Categories: Antioxidants, Vitamins
Excellent
tocopherol acetate. See vitamin E
Categories: Antioxidants, Vitamins
Excellent
tocopheryl acetate. See vitamin E
Categories: Antioxidants, Vitamins
Excellent
tocopheryl lineolate. See vitamin E
Categories: Antioxidants, Vitamins
Excellent
tocotrienols. Potent forms of vitamins E that are considered stable and powerful antioxidants. These forms of... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Vitamins
Neutral
tomato extract. Extract that has weak antioxidant properties (Source: Free Radical Research, February 2002, pages... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Irritants, Plant Extracts
Great
Trifolium pratense. See red clover
Categories: Antioxidants, Anti-Irritants, Plant Extracts
Great
tryptophan. See amino acid
Categories: Antioxidants, Skin-Identical Ingredients
Great
turmeric. Spice made from the dried, ground root of a plant; its extract is called curcumin. A natural yellow... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Irritants, Plant Extracts
Excellent
ubiquinone. See coenzyme Q10
Categories: Anti-Irritants, Antioxidants
Great
Ulva lactuca extract. Extract from the plant known as sea lettuce, it has some anti-inflammatory and antioxidant... Read More
Categories: Anti-Irritants, Antioxidants, Plant Extracts
Great
Undaria pinnatifida. Form of brown algae.
Categories: Antioxidants, Emollients, Plant Extracts, Thickeners/Emulsifiers
Excellent
Vaccinium macrocarpon fruit extract. Latin term for cranberry.
Categories: Anti-Irritants, Antioxidants, Plant Extracts
Great
valine. See amino acid
Categories: Antioxidants, Skin-Identical Ingredients
Great
Vanilla planifolia fruit extract. Extract used primarily as a fragrance and flavoring agent. The vanilla plant is a source of... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Anti-Irritants, Fragrance: Synthetic and Fragrant Plant Extracts, Plant Extracts
Neutral
Viola tricolor extract. See pansy extract
Categories: Anti-Irritants, Antioxidants, Plant Extracts
Excellent
vitamin A. Considered a good antioxidant in some of its various forms, particularly as retinol and retinyl... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Vitamins
Excellent
vitamin C. Water-soluble vitamin that is considered a potent antioxidant for skin. It has been shown to... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Vitamins
Great
vitamin D. A fat-soluble vitamin (actually, it's a hormone) that may have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory,... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Vitamins
Excellent
vitamin E. Considered an antioxidant superstar. It is one of the most well-known and researched antioxidants,... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Vitamins
Excellent
vitamin F. Name sometimes used to represent essential fatty acids of linoleic acid and linolenic acid. These... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Cell-Communicating Ingredients, Emollients, Vitamins
Excellent
Vitis vinifera. Latin name for the vines that produce wine grapes. More commonly known as grape seed oil or grape... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Emollients, Plant Extracts
Neutral
walnut extract. Extract that can have antioxidant properties (Source: Journal of Nutrition, November 2001,... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Plant Extracts
Neutral
watercress extract. There is a small amount of research showing that dietary intake of watercress can inhibit the... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Plant Extracts
Great
whey. Milk contains two primary proteins, casein and whey. When cheese is produced these more liquid... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants
Excellent
white tea leaf extract. Extract from the minimally processed buds and leaves of green tea. There is research showing that... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Plant Extracts
Poor
witch hazel. Commonly used plant extract that can have potent antioxidant properties (Sources: Phytotherapy... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Anti-Irritants, Irritants, Plant Extracts
Excellent
xanthophyll. Also known as lutein, this is a cartenoid pigment from plants that functions as an antioxidant.
Categories: Antioxidants, Plant Extracts
Great
yeast. Group of fungi that ferment sugars. Yeast is a source of beta-glucan, which is a good antioxidant.... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants
Excellent
yerba mate extract. Used for the preparation of the most popular tea-like beverage in South America. It has... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Anti-Irritants, Plant Extracts
Excellent
zinc. There is growing evidence that zinc can be a significant anti-irritant and antioxidant. It also can... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Anti-Irritants
Excellent
zinc oxide. Inert earth mineral used as a thickening, whitening, lubricating, and sunscreen ingredient in... Read More
Categories: Anti-Irritants, Antioxidants, Coloring Agents/Pigments, Thickeners/Emulsifiers