Rating
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By Ingredient
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acetic acid. Acid found in vinegar, some fruits, and human sweat. It can be a skin irritant and drying to skin,... Read More
Categories: Irritants
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alcohol. A group of organic compounds that have a vast range of forms and uses in cosmetics. In some benign... Read More
Categories: Emollients, Surfactants/Detergent Cleansing Agents, Absorbent, Irritants
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anise. Also known as aniseed, it can have potent antioxidant and antibacterial properties (Source:... Read More
Categories: Antibacterial/Anti-Acne, Antioxidants, Fragrance: Synthetic and Fragrant Plant Extracts, Irritants
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balm mint extract. Extract derived from a fragrant plant; it poses some risk of skin irritation. It also has some... Read More
Categories: Plant Extracts, Fragrance: Synthetic and Fragrant Plant Extracts, Irritants
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barium sulfate. Mineral used as a whitening agent in cosmetics. It can be a skin irritant.
Categories: Coloring Agents/Pigments, Irritants
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black pepper extract and oil. Used topically as a counter-irritant, which means it can cause significant skin irritation (Source:... Read More
Categories: Plant Extracts, Irritants
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borate. Group of compounds used in cosmetics in small quantities primarily as pH adjusters (they have a pH... Read More
Categories: Antibacterial/Anti-Acne, Irritants
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borax. Also known as sodium borate decahydrate, borax is a mineral composed of sodium, boron, oxygen, and... Read More
Categories: Irritants, Preservatives
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cajeputi oil. See Melaleuca cajeputi oil
Categories: Plant Extracts, Irritants
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calamine. Preparation of zinc carbonate, colored with ferric oxide (a form of rust). Zinc carbonate is a... Read More
Categories: Miscellaneous, Irritants
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camphor. Aromatic substance obtained from the wood of a tree common to Southeast Asia, Cinnamomum camphora,... Read More
Categories: Plant Extracts, Irritants
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capsaicin. Component of capsicum. When used topically, capsaicin can prevent the transmission of pain. It is... Read More
Categories: Plant Extracts, Irritants
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capsicum. Large group of plants consisting primarily of the pepper family, including chili peppers and... Read More
Categories: Plant Extracts, Irritants
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capsicum oleoresin. Fatty resin derived from capsicum plants. It can be a skin irritant and should not be applied to... Read More
Categories: Plant Extracts, Irritants
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carvone. Essential oil used as a flavoring agent and fragrance component in cosmetics. It can be a... Read More
Categories: Fragrance: Synthetic and Fragrant Plant Extracts, Irritants
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chlorhexidine. Topical antiseptic, it can cause irritation (Source: Toxicology in Vitro, August–October... Read More
Categories: Antibacterial/Anti-Acne, Irritants
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Chrysanthemum parthenium extract. See feverfew extract
Categories: Plant Extracts, Irritants
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Cinnamomum. See cinnamon
Categories: Antioxidants, Antibacterial/Anti-Acne, Plant Extracts, Irritants
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Cinnamomum camphora. See camphor
Categories: Plant Extracts, Irritants
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cinnamon. Can have antimicrobial and antioxidant properties (Sources: Cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology, March... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Antibacterial/Anti-Acne, Plant Extracts, Irritants
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Citrullus colocynthis. Bitter apple; considered a skin irritant.
Categories: Plant Extracts, Irritants
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Citrus amara. See orange blossom
Categories: Plant Extracts, Fragrance: Synthetic and Fragrant Plant Extracts, Irritants
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Citrus aurantifolia. See lime (oil or extract)
Categories: Plant Extracts, Fragrance: Synthetic and Fragrant Plant Extracts, Irritants
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Citrus aurantium. See orange blossom
Categories: Plant Extracts, Fragrance: Synthetic and Fragrant Plant Extracts, Irritants
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Citrus aurantium extract. Bitter orange extract. It can have antioxidant properties when eaten (Source: Journal of... Read More
Categories: Plant Extracts, Fragrance: Synthetic and Fragrant Plant Extracts, Irritants
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Citrus medica limonium. See lemon
Categories: Plant Extracts, Fragrance: Synthetic and Fragrant Plant Extracts, Irritants
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clary oil. Used as fragrance; can be a skin irritant or sensitizer.
Categories: Plant Extracts, Fragrance: Synthetic and Fragrant Plant Extracts, Irritants
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clove leaf. See clove oil
Categories: Plant Extracts, Irritants
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clove oil. Potent skin irritant and inflammatory when used repeatedly (Sources: IFA—International... Read More
Categories: Plant Extracts, Irritants
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clover blossom. Contains eugenol, which can be a skin sensitizer and cause photosensitivity.
Categories: Plant Extracts, Irritants
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clover leaf oil. See clover blossom
Categories: Plant Extracts, Irritants
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Coleus barbatus. Member of the mint family and also known as forskolin; can be a skin irritant. Not enough is... Read More
Categories: Plant Extracts, Irritants
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comfrey extract. Several studies have shown that comfrey extract can have carcinogenic or toxic properties when... Read More
Categories: Anti-Irritants, Plant Extracts, Irritants
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Copaifera officinalis. See balsam peru
Categories: Plant Extracts, Irritants
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coriander. Herb and spice plant, the source of a fragrant component; it can be a potential skin irritant... Read More
Categories: Plant Extracts, Fragrance: Synthetic and Fragrant Plant Extracts, Irritants
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cornmint. Also known as wild mint; it can be a skin irritant.
Categories: Plant Extracts, Irritants
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cyclamen aldehyde. Synthetic fragrant component in products; it can be a skin irritant.
Categories: Fragrance: Synthetic and Fragrant Plant Extracts, Irritants
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Cymbopogon citrates. See lemongrass extract
Categories: Antibacterial/Anti-Acne, Plant Extracts, Irritants
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daisy flower extract. There is no research showing this extract has any benefit for skin. Also known as tansy, it can... Read More
Categories: Irritants, Plant Extracts
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dandelion extract. Can be a potent allergen (Source: Archives of Dermatology, January 1999, pages 67–70).
Categories: Plant Extracts, Irritants
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Daucus carota. Also known as wild carrot. It can have antioxidant properties, but applied topically it can cause... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Irritants, Plant Extracts
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denatured alcohol. See alcohol
Categories: Irritants
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dimethyl ether. Colorless gas used as a propellant in aerosol products. It is toxic if inhaled and can be... Read More
Categories: Miscellaneous, Irritants
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elecampane. Latin name Inula helenium; it is a plant that can be very irritating to the skin and can trigger... Read More
Categories: Irritants, Plant Extracts
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English ivy extract. Can be a skin irritant due to its stimulant and astringent (skin-constricting) properties (Source:... Read More
Categories: Irritants, Plant Extracts
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Equisetum arvense. See horsetail extract
Categories: Antioxidants, Irritants, Plant Extracts
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esculin. Component of horse chestnut, it is considered a toxin and is not recommended for skin (Source:... Read More
Categories: Irritants
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essential oil. See volatile oil
Categories: Fragrance: Synthetic and Fragrant Plant Extracts, Irritants, Plant Extracts
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ethanol. See alcohol
Categories: Irritants
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ethyl alcohol. See alcohol
Categories: Irritants
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eucalyptus extract. Extract that may have antibacterial, antifungal, and antiviral properties on the skin (Source: Skin... Read More
Categories: Antibacterial/Anti-Acne, Irritants, Plant Extracts
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eucalyptus oil. Fragrant plant oil whose active constituents are found in the leaves and the oil obtained from... Read More
Categories: Antibacterial/Anti-Acne, Irritants, Plant Extracts
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Eugenia aromatica. See clove oil
Categories: Irritants, Plant Extracts
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Eugenia caryophyllus. See clove oil
Categories: Irritants, Plant Extracts
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eugenol. See clove oil, methyleugenol
Categories: Irritants, Plant Extracts
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Euphrasia officinalis. See eyebright
Categories: Irritants, Plant Extracts
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eyebright. A plant; although the name sounds like it would be beneficial for the eye area, there are no... Read More
Categories: Irritants, Plant Extracts
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fennel oil. Volatile, fragrant oil that can cause skin irritation and sensitivity.
Categories: Irritants, Plant Extracts
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fennel seed extract. Can have antioxidant properties, but on skin it can be a skin irritant and photosensitizer (Source:... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Irritants, Plant Extracts
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Ferula galbaniflua. See galbanum
Categories: Fragrance: Synthetic and Fragrant Plant Extracts, Irritants, Plant Extracts
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feverfew extract. A plant that can be very irritating to the skin and can trigger allergic reactions. The irritation... Read More
Categories: Anti-Irritants, Irritants, Plant Extracts
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Ficus carica fruit extract. See fig
Categories: Irritants, Plant Extracts
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fig. Fruit that contains psoralens, which are compounds that may cause photodermatitis. Topical... Read More
Categories: Irritants, Plant Extracts
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fir needle oil. Volatile, fragrant oil that can cause skin irritation and sensitivity.
Categories: Fragrance: Synthetic and Fragrant Plant Extracts, Irritants, Plant Extracts
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Foeniculum vulgare extract. See fennel oil, fennel seed extract
Categories: Antioxidants, Fragrance: Synthetic and Fragrant Plant Extracts, Irritants
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fragrance. One or a blend of volatile and/or fragrant plant oils (or synthetically derived oils) that impart... Read More
Categories: Fragrance: Synthetic and Fragrant Plant Extracts, Irritants
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frankencense extract. Fragrant component used in skin-care products; it can be a skin irritant. There is no research... Read More
Categories: Fragrance: Synthetic and Fragrant Plant Extracts, Irritants
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fumaric acid. Naturally occurring acid that has been proven effective for systemic and topical treatment of... Read More
Categories: Irritants
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galbanum. Fragrant substance that, because of its resin and volatile oil content, can be extremely irritating... Read More
Categories: Fragrance: Synthetic and Fragrant Plant Extracts, Irritants
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Gardenia florida extract. Flower extract used in cosmetics to impart fragrance; also functions as an antioxidant (Source:... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Fragrance: Synthetic and Fragrant Plant Extracts, Irritants, Plant Extracts
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geranium oil. Fragrant oil that can have antimicrobial properties but also can be a skin sensitizer or irritant... Read More
Categories: Antibacterial/Anti-Acne, Irritants, Plant Extracts
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Geranium pretense. Geranium plant.
Categories: Antioxidants, Antibacterial/Anti-Acne, Irritants, Plant Extracts
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ginger extract. Extract from a plant in the Zingiberacae family that has research showing it has... Read More
Categories: Anti-Irritants, Irritants, Plant Extracts
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ginger oil. See ginger extract
Categories: Anti-Irritants, Irritants, Plant Extracts
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gold. Relatively common allergen that can induce dermatitis about the face and eyelids (Source: Cutis,... Read More
Categories: Irritants
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goldenseal. A plant that may have antibacterial or antiviral properties when taken orally. There is no evidence... Read More
Categories: Antibacterial/Anti-Acne, Irritants, Plant Extracts
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Gossypium herbacuem seed oil. Also known as cotton seed oil, this non-fragrant plant oil that research has shown has anti-cancer... Read More
Categories: Irritants, Plant Extracts
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grapefruit oil. Citrus oil whose volatile components (chiefly substances known as furocoumarins) are irritating to... Read More
Categories: Fragrance: Synthetic and Fragrant Plant Extracts, Irritants, Plant Extracts
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guaiac wood. Used as a fragrant extract in cosmetics; it is a potent skin irritant.
Categories: Fragrance: Synthetic and Fragrant Plant Extracts, Irritants, Plant Extracts
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Guaiacum officinale. See guaiac wood
Categories: Fragrance: Synthetic and Fragrant Plant Extracts, Irritants, Plant Extracts
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guarana. Herb that contains two and a half times more caffeine than coffee. It can have constricting... Read More
Categories: Irritants, Plant Extracts
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gums. Substances that have water-binding properties, but that are used primarily as thickening agents in... Read More
Categories: Film-Forming/Holding Agents, Irritants, Thickeners/Emulsifiers, Plant Extracts
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Hamamelis virginiana. See witch hazel
Categories: Antioxidants, Irritants, Plant Extracts
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hamamelitannin. Tannin that is found in witch hazel. It can be a skin irritant, but it also has potent antioxidant... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Irritants
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hayflower extract. Plant extract that, due to its constricting effect on skin, can be an irritant. There is no... Read More
Categories: Irritants, Plant Extracts
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Hedera helix. See English ivy extract
Categories: Irritants, Plant Extracts
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hedione. Synthetic fragrant component in products, which also can be a skin irritant.
Categories: Fragrance: Synthetic and Fragrant Plant Extracts, Irritants
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horse elder. See elecampane
Categories: Irritants, Plant Extracts
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horseradish. Plant that can irritate skin and should never be applied to abraded skin.
Categories: Irritants, Plant Extracts
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horsetail extract. Plant extract that has a high tannin, alkaloid, and nicotine content, which can have... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Irritants, Plant Extracts
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Hydnocarpus anthelmintica. See chaulmoogra oil
Categories: Antibacterial/Anti-Acne, Irritants, Plant Extracts
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Hydrastis canadenis. See goldenseal
Categories: Antibacterial/Anti-Acne, Irritants, Plant Extracts
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hydrogen peroxide. There is a great deal of current research showing that hydrogen peroxide is problematic as a... Read More
Categories: Antibacterial/Anti-Acne, Irritants
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Hypericum extract. See St. John's wort
Categories: Antioxidants, Irritants, Plant Extracts
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hyssop. Fragrant plant extract that may have some antibacterial properties (Source: International Journal... Read More
Categories: Antibacterial/Anti-Acne, Fragrance: Synthetic and Fragrant Plant Extracts, Irritants, Plant Extracts
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Illicium vernum. See anise
Categories: Antibacterial/Anti-Acne, Antioxidants, Fragrance: Synthetic and Fragrant Plant Extracts, Irritants
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Inula helenium. See elecampane
Categories: Irritants, Plant Extracts
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Iris florentina extract. See orris root
Categories: Fragrance: Synthetic and Fragrant Plant Extracts, Irritants, Plant Extracts
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isopropyl alcohol. See alcohol
Categories: Irritants
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ivy extract. See English ivy extract
Categories: Irritants, Plant Extracts
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jasmine oil. Fragrant oil, often used as a source of perfume, that can be a skin irritant or sensitizer... Read More
Categories: Fragrance: Synthetic and Fragrant Plant Extracts, Irritants, Plant Extracts
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Jasminium grandiflorum. See jasmine oil
Categories: Fragrance: Synthetic and Fragrant Plant Extracts, Irritants, Plant Extracts
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jonquil extract. Fragrant plant extract that poses a strong risk of skin irritation.
Categories: Fragrance: Synthetic and Fragrant Plant Extracts, Irritants, Plant Extracts
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juniper berry. Can have anti-inflammatory properties for skin (Source: Pharmacology and Toxicology, February 1998,... Read More
Categories: Anti-Irritants, Irritants, Plant Extracts
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Juniperus communis. See juniper berry
Categories: Anti-Irritants, Irritants, Plant Extracts
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Kathon CG. See methylchloroisothiazolinone, methylisothiazolinone
Categories: Irritants, Preservatives
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kava-kava extract. Extract of the Piper methysticum plant that has analgesic (anti-inflammatory) properties, but... Read More
Categories: Anti-Irritants, Irritants, Plant Extracts
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kawa extract. See kava-kava extract
Categories: Anti-Irritants, Irritants, Plant Extracts
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kiwi fruit extract. As a food, kiwi has significant antioxidant properties that may even be greater than those of... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Irritants, Plant Extracts
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kojic acid. By-product of the fermentation process of malting rice for use in the manufacture of sake, Japanese... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Irritants
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kojic dipalmitate. A mixture of kojic acid and palmitic acid. It functions as a skin-conditioning agent and can help... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Irritants
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kola nut. One of the major components of the kola nut is caffeine, which can be a skin irritant. However,... Read More
Categories: Irritants, Plant Extracts
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L-ascorbic acid. Form of vitamin C that is a potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent (Sources:... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Anti-Irritants, Irritants
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lavandin oil. Essential oil of the hybrid lavender plant Lavandula hybrida and used in cosmetics as a fragrance... Read More
Categories: Fragrance: Synthetic and Fragrant Plant Extracts, Irritants, Plant Extracts
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Lavandula angustifolia. See lavender extract and oil
Categories: Fragrance: Synthetic and Fragrant Plant Extracts, Irritants, Plant Extracts
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Lavandula officinalis. See lavender extract and oil
Categories: Fragrance: Synthetic and Fragrant Plant Extracts, Irritants, Plant Extracts
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lavender extract and oil. Widely-used plant that's a member of the mint family. It is primarily a fragrance ingredient,... Read More
Categories: Fragrance: Synthetic and Fragrant Plant Extracts, Irritants, Plant Extracts
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lemon. Potent skin sensitizer and irritant. Though it can have antibacterial properties, the irritation... Read More
Categories: Antibacterial/Anti-Acne, Fragrance: Synthetic and Fragrant Plant Extracts, Irritants, Plant Extracts
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lemon balm. See balm mint extract
Categories: Fragrance: Synthetic and Fragrant Plant Extracts, Irritants, Plant Extracts
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lemon oil. Can be a skin irritant, especially on abraded skin (Source: www.naturaldatabase.com).
Categories: Fragrance: Synthetic and Fragrant Plant Extracts, Irritants, Plant Extracts
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lemongrass extract. Extract that can have antibacterial properties (Source: Journal of Applied Microbiology, 2000,... Read More
Categories: Antibacterial/Anti-Acne, Irritants, Plant Extracts
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lemongrass oil. Also known as Oil of Verbena; can be effective as a mosquito repellent (Source: Phytomedicine,... Read More
Categories: Fragrance: Synthetic and Fragrant Plant Extracts, Irritants, Plant Extracts
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Lentinus edodes extract. Extract from the shiitake mushroom that may have antimicrobial and antibacterial properties,... Read More
Categories: Antibacterial/Anti-Acne, Irritants, Plant Extracts
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Levisticum officinale root extract. See lovage root extract
Categories: Fragrance: Synthetic and Fragrant Plant Extracts, Irritants, Plant Extracts
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lime (oil or extract). Citrus fruit whose volatile compounds are skin irritants and photosensitizing (Source:... Read More
Categories: Fragrance: Synthetic and Fragrant Plant Extracts, Irritants, Plant Extracts
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limonene. Chemical constituent of many fragrant natural ingredients, notably citrus oils (d-limonene) and... Read More
Categories: Fragrance: Synthetic and Fragrant Plant Extracts, Irritants
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linalool. Fragrant component of lavender and coriander that can be a potent skin irritant, allergen, or... Read More
Categories: Fragrance: Synthetic and Fragrant Plant Extracts, Irritants
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Litsea cubeba. See lemongrass oil
Categories: Fragrance: Synthetic and Fragrant Plant Extracts, Irritants, Plant Extracts
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locust bean. See gums
Categories: Film-Forming/Holding Agents, Irritants, Thickeners/Emulsifiers, Plant Extracts
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lovage root extract. Extract that is administered orally as a diuretic. In cosmetics, it is used as a fragrance.... Read More
Categories: Plant Extracts, Irritants
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lupine. Legume that is a source of isoflavones, a form of plant estrogen that has antioxidant properties... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Emollients, Irritants, Plant Extracts
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lupine oil. Extract of Lupinus albus, a legume; it has emollient and antioxidant properties, though it may also... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Emollients, Irritants, Plant Extracts
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Lupinus albus extract. Species of legume.
Categories: Antioxidants, Emollients, Irritants, Plant Extracts
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lye. See potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide
Categories: Irritants, Surfactants/Detergent Cleansing Agents
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mandarin orange oil or extract. Primarily used as a fragrance; it can be a skin irritant. There is no research showing it has any... Read More
Categories: Fragrance: Synthetic and Fragrant Plant Extracts, Irritants, Plant Extracts
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marjoram. Herb with a fragrant component used in cosmetics; can be a skin irritant.
Categories: Fragrance: Synthetic and Fragrant Plant Extracts, Irritants, Plant Extracts
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Melaleuca cajeputi oil. There is no research showing that this oil, which is derived from a plant in the same family as the... Read More
Categories: Irritants, Plant Extracts
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Melia azadirachta. See neem extract or oil
Categories: Antibacterial/Anti-Acne, Irritants
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Melissa officinalis. See balm mint extract, counter-irritant
Categories: Plant Extracts, Fragrance: Synthetic and Fragrant Plant Extracts, Irritants
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Mentha arvensis. See cornmint
Categories: Plant Extracts, Irritants
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Mentha piperita. See counter-irritant, peppermint
Categories: Antibacterial/Anti-Acne, Plant Extracts, Irritants, Fragrance: Synthetic and Fragrant Plant Extracts
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Mentha spicata. See counter-irritant, spearmint oil
Categories: Plant Extracts, Irritants, Fragrance: Synthetic and Fragrant Plant Extracts
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Mentha viridis. See counter-irritant, spearmint oil
Categories: Plant Extracts, Irritants, Fragrance: Synthetic and Fragrant Plant Extracts
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menthol. Derived from peppermint; menthol can have the same irritating effect as peppermint on skin (Source:... Read More
Categories: Antibacterial/Anti-Acne, Plant Extracts, Irritants, Fragrance: Synthetic and Fragrant Plant Extracts
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menthone. Major constituent of peppermint.
Categories: Antibacterial/Anti-Acne, Plant Extracts, Irritants, Fragrance: Synthetic and Fragrant Plant Extracts
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menthoxypropanediol. Synthetic derivative of menthol. It is known to produce effects that are twice as strong as... Read More
Categories: Irritants, Fragrance: Synthetic and Fragrant Plant Extracts
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menthyl lactate. Used as a cooling agent and fragrance in cosmetics. It is a derivative of menthol and is supposed... Read More
Categories: Fragrance: Synthetic and Fragrant Plant Extracts, Irritants
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methanol. See alcohol
Categories: Irritants
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methylchloroisothiazolinone. In combination with methylisothiazolinone, it goes by the trade name Kathon CG (among others).... Read More
Categories: Irritants, Preservatives
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methyleugenol. Natural constituent of plant oils such as those from rose, basil, blackberry, cinnamon, and anise.... Read More
Categories: Plant Extracts, Irritants
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methylisothiazolinone. Preservative that is generally recommended only for use in rinse-off products such as cleansers or... Read More
Categories: Irritants, Preservatives
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mint. Can be a skin irritant and cause contact dermatitis.
Categories: Fragrance: Synthetic and Fragrant Plant Extracts, Irritants, Plant Extracts
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myrrh. Fragrant gum resin that can be a skin irritant. There is little research showing it has any benefit... Read More
Categories: Antibacterial/Anti-Acne, Irritants, Plant Extracts
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myrtle extract. Contains volatile oil and tannins, and can have fungicidal, disinfectant, and antibacterial... Read More
Categories: Antibacterial/Anti-Acne, Irritants, Plant Extracts
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Myrtus communis extract. See myrtle extract
Categories: Antibacterial/Anti-Acne, Irritants, Plant Extracts
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Narcissus poeticus wax. Fragrant flower extract that can cause irritation and dermatitis (Source: www.naturaldatabase.com)
Categories: Fragrance: Synthetic and Fragrant Plant Extracts, Irritants, Plant Extracts
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neem extract or oil. Extract from leaves of the neem tree, it has potential toxic effects, although it also has been... Read More
Categories: Antibacterial/Anti-Acne, Irritants, Plant Extracts
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neroli. See orange blossom
Categories: Fragrance: Synthetic and Fragrant Plant Extracts, Irritants, Plant Extracts
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neroli oil. Fragrant plant oil that can be a skin irritant and sensitizer.
Categories: Fragrance: Synthetic and Fragrant Plant Extracts, Irritants, Plant Extracts
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oak root extract. Extract that may have antibacterial properties on skin, but that also can be a skin irritant.
Categories: Antibacterial/Anti-Acne, Irritants, Plant Extracts
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olibanum extract. See frankencense extract
Categories: Fragrance: Synthetic and Fragrant Plant Extracts, Irritants
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orange blossom. Fragrant extract that can also be a skin irritant.
Categories: Fragrance: Synthetic and Fragrant Plant Extracts, Irritants, Plant Extracts
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orchid. Fragrant flower that can be a skin irritant.
Categories: Fragrance: Synthetic and Fragrant Plant Extracts, Irritants, Plant Extracts
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oregano. Has potent antibacterial and antifungal properties, but can also be a skin irritant (Source:... Read More
Categories: Antibacterial/Anti-Acne, Irritants, Plant Extracts
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Origanum majorana. See marjoram
Categories: Fragrance: Synthetic and Fragrant Plant Extracts, Irritants, Plant Extracts
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Origanum vulgare flower extract. See oregano
Categories: Antibacterial/Anti-Acne, Irritants, Plant Extracts
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orris root. Used primarily as a fragrant component due to its violet-like scent (Source:... Read More
Categories: Fragrance: Synthetic and Fragrant Plant Extracts, Irritants, Plant Extracts
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PABA. See para-aminobenzoic acid (PABA)
Categories: Sunscreen Actives, Irritants
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palmarosa oil. See geranium oil
Categories: Antibacterial/Anti-Acne, Irritants, Plant Extracts
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papain. Enzyme extracted from papaya. Applied topically, papain can cause severe irritation, itching, and... Read More
Categories: Irritants, Leave-On Exfoliant, Plant Extracts
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papaya extract. Extract that is the source of papain, which theoretically can have exfoliating properties on skin,... Read More
Categories: Irritants, Leave-On Exfoliant, Plant Extracts
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para-aminobenzoic acid (PABA). Sunscreen ingredient rarely used since the 1990s because of strong potential for allergic reactions.
Categories: Sunscreen Actives, Irritants
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patchouli. Fragrant oil derived from mint. It contains eugenol and can be a skin sensitizer and irritant.
Categories: Fragrance: Synthetic and Fragrant Plant Extracts, Irritants, Plant Extracts
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pawpaw extract. See papaya extract
Categories: Irritants, Leave-On Exfoliant, Plant Extracts
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Pelargonium graveolens oil. See geranium oil
Categories: Antibacterial/Anti-Acne, Irritants, Plant Extracts
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pellitory. Plant whose root extract can cause skin irritation; its safety is unknown.
Categories: Irritants, Plant Extracts
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peppermint. Both the oil and the extract can have antimicrobial properties (Source: Journal of Agricultural and... Read More
Categories: Antibacterial/Anti-Acne, Irritants, Plant Extracts
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Perilla ocymoides. Also known as beefsteak plant. Like many plants, the leaves contain flavones which help the plant... Read More
Categories: Anti-Irritants, Antioxidants, Irritants, Plant Extracts
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petitgrain mandarin. See mandarin orange oil or extract
Categories: Fragrance: Synthetic and Fragrant Plant Extracts, Irritants, Plant Extracts
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photosensitizer. Ingredient that can cause the skin to have an irritated or inflamed reaction when exposed to... Read More
Categories: Irritants
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pine oil. Can have disinfectant properties (Source: Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, December 1997,... Read More
Categories: Antibacterial/Anti-Acne, Irritants, Plant Extracts
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Pinus lambertiana wood extract. Pine extract that may have skin-sensitizing properties (Source: Botanical Dermatology Database,... Read More
Categories: Irritants, Plant Extracts
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Piper nigrum. See black pepper extract and oil
Categories: Irritants, Plant Extracts
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Pogostemon cablin. See patchouli
Categories: Fragrance: Synthetic and Fragrant Plant Extracts, Irritants, Plant Extracts
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polyvinyl alcohol. An irritating form of alcohol that often serves as the main ingredient in peel-off facial masks.
Categories: Film-Forming/Holding Agents, Irritants
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potassium. Important element in diet that is present in such fruits as bananas and citrus. It is also an earth... Read More
Categories: Absorbent, Irritants, Plant Extracts
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potassium hydroxide. Also known as lye, a highly alkaline ingredient used in small amounts in cosmetics to modulate the... Read More
Categories: Irritants, Surfactants/Detergent Cleansing Agents
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potassium myristate. Detergent cleansing agent that is a constituent of soap; it can be drying and sensitizing for some... Read More
Categories: Irritants, Surfactants/Detergent Cleansing Agents
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Pyrus cydonia. See quince seed
Categories: Irritants, Plant Extracts, Thickeners/Emulsifiers
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quaternium-15. Formaldehyde-releasing preservative used in cosmetics. It can be a skin sensitizer, as can all... Read More
Categories: Irritants, Preservatives
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quercus. See oak root extract
Categories: Antibacterial/Anti-Acne, Irritants, Plant Extracts
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Quercus infectoria extract. See oak root extract
Categories: Antibacterial/Anti-Acne, Irritants, Plant Extracts
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quince seed. Used as a thickening agent in cosmetics, but also has skin-constricting properties (Source:... Read More
Categories: Irritants, Plant Extracts, Thickeners/Emulsifiers
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Ranunculus ficaria extract. Extract that may have antibacterial and antifungal properties and that is used in the treatment of... Read More
Categories: Antibacterial/Anti-Acne, Irritants, Plant Extracts
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raspberry seed extract. See red raspberry extract
Categories: Antioxidants, Antibacterial/Anti-Acne, Irritants, Plant Extracts
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raspberry seed oil. See red raspberry extract
Categories: Antioxidants, Antibacterial/Anti-Acne, Irritants, Plant Extracts
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red raspberry extract. Fruit extract that has potent antioxidant properties (Source: Journal of Agricultural Food... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Antibacterial/Anti-Acne, Irritants, Plant Extracts
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red sandalwood. Has a phytoestrogen component (Source: Phytochemistry, March 2000, pages 605–606), but can... Read More
Categories: Irritants, Plant Extracts
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Renova. See Retin-A, tretinoin
Categories: Cell-Communicating Ingredients, Prescription Drugs, Irritants, Vitamins
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resorcinol. Considered an effective topical disinfectant in concentrations of 1% to 3% (Source: www.fda.gov).... Read More
Categories: Antibacterial/Anti-Acne, Irritants
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Retin-A. One of several prescription-only drugs (others include Renova, Retin-A Micro, and Avita) that... Read More
Categories: Cell-Communicating Ingredients, Prescription Drugs, Irritants, Vitamins
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riboflavin.
Categories: Irritants, Vitamins
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rice starch. Absorbent substance sometimes included in products rather than talc. It can cause allergic... Read More
Categories: Absorbent, Irritants, Plant Extracts
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rose flower. Highly fragrant substance that can be a skin irritant.
Categories: Fragrance: Synthetic and Fragrant Plant Extracts, Irritants, Plant Extracts
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rose flower oil. Fragrant, volatile oil that can be a skin irritant and sensitizer. There is no research showing... Read More
Categories: Fragrance: Synthetic and Fragrant Plant Extracts, Irritants, Plant Extracts
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rose oil. Fragrant, volatile oil that can be a skin irritant and sensitizer.
Categories: Fragrance: Synthetic and Fragrant Plant Extracts, Irritants, Plant Extracts
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rosemary extract. Extract that can have antioxidant benefit for skin (Source: Journal of Agricultural Food Chemistry,... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Fragrance: Synthetic and Fragrant Plant Extracts, Irritants, Plant Extracts
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rosemary oil. See rosemary extract
Categories: Antioxidants, Fragrance: Synthetic and Fragrant Plant Extracts, Irritants, Plant Extracts
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rosewood oil. Fragrant plant oil with a spicy-sweet scent, also known as bois de rose. It is extracted from wood... Read More
Categories: Fragrance: Synthetic and Fragrant Plant Extracts, Irritants, Plant Extracts
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Rosmarinus officinalis extract. See rosemary extract
Categories: Antioxidants, Fragrance: Synthetic and Fragrant Plant Extracts, Irritants, Plant Extracts
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Rubus idaeus. See red raspberry extract
Categories: Antioxidants, Antibacterial/Anti-Acne, Irritants, Plant Extracts
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sage extract. Aromatic plant used most often to enhance the flavor of foods. Like all plant extracts, sage... Read More
Categories: Plant Extracts, Irritants
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sandalwood oil. Fragrant oil that can cause skin irritation or allergic reactions (Source: American Journal of... Read More
Categories: Fragrance: Synthetic and Fragrant Plant Extracts, Irritants, Plant Extracts
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Santalum album seed extract. Latin name for sandalwood extract, which is used in cosmetics as a fragrance. It can have... Read More
Categories: Fragrance: Synthetic and Fragrant Plant Extracts, Irritants, Plant Extracts
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sausurrea oil. Also called costus oil. Volatile oil and fragrant component used in cosmetics; it can be a skin... Read More
Categories: Fragrance: Synthetic and Fragrant Plant Extracts, Irritants, Plant Extracts
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SD alcohol. See alcohol
Categories: Irritants
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SD alcohol 40-2. Denatured alcohol used as a solvent. It can be drying and irritating to skin when one of the main... Read More
Categories: Irritants
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sea salt. Can be effective as a topical scrub, but if left on skin it can increase skin sensitivity to UVB... Read More
Categories: Scrub Agents, Irritants
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silver. Metallic element that in cosmetics can have disinfecting properties; however, prolonged contact can... Read More
Categories: Antibacterial/Anti-Acne, Irritants
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silver chloride. See silver sulfadiazine
Categories: Irritants
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silver sulfadiazine. Can be effective for wound healing (Source: Journal of Vascular Surgery, August 1992, pages... Read More
Categories: Irritants
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Silybum marianum extract. See lady's thistle extract
Categories: Irritants, Plant Extracts
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soap. True “soaps” are regulated by the Consumer Product Safety Commission and are not... Read More
Categories: Irritants, Surfactants/Detergent Cleansing Agents
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sodium bisulfite. Used in acid-type permanent waves to alter the shape of hair. It is less damaging than alkaline... Read More
Categories: Irritants
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sodium borate. See borate
Categories: Irritants
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sodium C14-16 olefin sulfate. Can be derived from coconut. Used primarily as a detergent cleansing agent, but is potentially... Read More
Categories: Irritants, Surfactants/Detergent Cleansing Agents
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sodium carbonate. Absorbent salt used in cosmetics; it can also be a skin irritant.
Categories: Absorbent, Irritants
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sodium cocoate. Used as a cleansing agent primarily in soaps. It can be drying and irritating for skin.
Categories: Irritants, Surfactants/Detergent Cleansing Agents
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sodium hydroxide. Also known as lye, it is a highly alkaline ingredient used in small amounts in cosmetics to... Read More
Categories: Irritants, Surfactants/Detergent Cleansing Agents
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sodium lauryl sulfate. Versatile ingredient composed of several non-volatile alcohols. Functions primarily as... Read More
Categories: Irritants, Surfactants/Detergent Cleansing Agents, Thickeners/Emulsifiers
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sodium metabisulfite. Reducing agent that alters the structure of hair. It can also be used as a preservative in... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Irritants, Preservatives
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sodium silicate. Highly alkaline and potentially irritating antiseptic and mineral used in cosmetics (Source:... Read More
Categories: Antibacterial/Anti-Acne, Irritants
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sodium sulfite. Reducing agent that alters the structure of hair. It can also be used as a preservative in cosmetic... Read More
Categories: Irritants, Preservatives
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sodium thioglycolate. See thioglycolate
Categories: Irritants
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Solanum lycopersicum extract. See tomato extract
Categories: Antioxidants, Irritants, Plant Extracts
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sorbic acid. Preservative derived from mountain ash berries or manufactured synthetically. Sorbic acid is used... Read More
Categories: Irritants, Preservatives
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spearmint oil. Fragrant, volatile oil that can cause skin irritation and allergic reactions.
Categories: Fragrance: Synthetic and Fragrant Plant Extracts, Irritants, Plant Extracts
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star anise. See anise
Categories: Antibacterial/Anti-Acne, Antioxidants, Fragrance: Synthetic and Fragrant Plant Extracts, Irritants
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sulfur. Antibacterial agent (Source: Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, October 2001, pages... Read More
Categories: Antibacterial/Anti-Acne, Irritants
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surfactant. Shortened term for surface active agent. Surfactants degrease and emulsify oils and fats and... Read More
Categories: Surfactants/Detergent Cleansing Agents, Irritants
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Symphytum officinale extract. See comfrey extract
Categories: Anti-Irritants, Plant Extracts, Irritants
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Szechuan peppercorn. From a plant native to Szechuan Province in China. It grows on trees, and so differs from black... Read More
Categories: Irritants, Plant Extracts
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Tanacetum parthenium. See feverfew extract
Categories: Anti-Irritants, Irritants, Plant Extracts
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tangerine oil. Fragrant, volatile citrus oil that can be a skin irritant.
Categories: Fragrance: Synthetic and Fragrant Plant Extracts, Irritants, Plant Extracts
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tannin. Component of many plants. It can have an anti-tumor benefit when consumed in tea or foods (Source:... Read More
Categories: Irritants, Plant Extracts
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Taraxacum officinale. See dandelion extract
Categories: Plant Extracts, Irritants
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TEA-lauryl sulfate. While there is abundant research showing sodium lauryl sulfate is a sensitizing cleansing agent,... Read More
Categories: Irritants, Surfactants/Detergent Cleansing Agents, Thickeners/Emulsifiers
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tetrahydrodemethoxycurcumin. See curcumin, turmeric
Categories: Antioxidants, Anti-Irritants, Plant Extracts, Irritants
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thioglycolate. Compound used in permanent waves and depilatories either to alter the structure of hair or to... Read More
Categories: Irritants
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thyme extract. Extract derived from the leaf or flower of the thyme plant. It can have potent antioxidant... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Irritants, Plant Extracts
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thyme oil. The most concentrated part of the thyme plant, and a potent source of antioxidants, some of which... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Irritants, Plant Extracts
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Thymus serpillum extract. Extract of wild thyme.
Categories: Antioxidants, Irritants, Plant Extracts
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Thymus vulgaris. See thyme extract
Categories: Antioxidants, Irritants, Plant Extracts
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tomato extract. Extract that has weak antioxidant properties (Source: Free Radical Research, February 2002, pages... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Irritants, Plant Extracts
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tormentil extract. Plant that can be irritating due to its tannin content, which causes skin constriction.
Categories: Irritants, Plant Extracts
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trigonella foenum-graecum seed extract. Latin name for the fenugreek plant. The seeds are used most often, and their fiber content helps... Read More
Categories: Irritants, Plant Extracts, Thickeners/Emulsifiers
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turmeric. Spice made from the dried, ground root of a plant; its extract is called curcumin. A natural yellow... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Irritants, Plant Extracts
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urea. Component of human and animal urine that’s also found in the blood and other tissues,... Read More
Categories: Irritants
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verbena extract. Fragrant extract that can be a skin irritant.
Categories: Fragrance: Synthetic and Fragrant Plant Extracts, Irritants, Plant Extracts
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vetiver oil or extract. Fragrant component in skin-care products that also has some antibacterial properties (Source:... Read More
Categories: Antibacterial/Anti-Acne, Fragrance: Synthetic and Fragrant Plant Extracts, Irritants, Plant Extracts
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vitamin B2. There is no research showing this has any benefit when applied topically to skin. However, there is... Read More
Categories: Irritants, Vitamins
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volatile oil. Group of volatile fluids derived primarily from plants and used in cosmetics primarily as fragrant... Read More
Categories: Fragrance: Synthetic and Fragrant Plant Extracts, Irritants
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white nettle. Contains components that can have both anti-irritant as well as inflammatory properties (Source:... Read More
Categories: Anti-Irritants, Plant Extracts, Irritants
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white oak bark extract. See oak root extract
Categories: Antibacterial/Anti-Acne, Irritants, Plant Extracts
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wild ginger. See ginger extract
Categories: Anti-Irritants, Irritants, Plant Extracts
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wintergreen oil. Can be very irritating and sensitizing (Source: www.naturaldatabase.com).
Categories: Irritants, Plant Extracts
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witch hazel. Commonly used plant extract that can have potent antioxidant properties (Sources: Phytotherapy... Read More
Categories: Antioxidants, Anti-Irritants, Irritants, Plant Extracts
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Xi xin. See ginger extract
Categories: Anti-Irritants, Irritants, Plant Extracts
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yarrow extract. Extract for which there is little research showing it to have any benefit for skin. What studies do... Read More
Categories: Anti-Irritants, Irritants, Plant Extracts
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ylang ylang. Fragrant, volatile oil that can also be a skin irritant.
Categories: Fragrance: Synthetic and Fragrant Plant Extracts, Irritants, Plant Extracts
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Zanthoxylum piperitum. See Szechuan peppercorn
Categories: Irritants, Plant Extracts
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zinc carbonate. See calamine
Categories: Miscellaneous, Irritants
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zinc phenolsulfonate. Antimicrobial agent that can also be a skin irritant.
Categories: Antibacterial/Anti-Acne, Irritants
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zinc sulfate. Chemical compound resulting from the interaction of zinc with sulfuric acid. There is little... Read More
Categories: Irritants
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Zingiber officinale roscoe. See ginger extract
Categories: Anti-Irritants, Irritants, Plant Extracts
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Zingiber zerumbet. See ginger extract
Categories: Anti-Irritants, Irritants, Plant Extracts
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Zingiberaceae. See ginger extract
Categories: Anti-Irritants, Irritants, Plant Extracts
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